What are the objectives of both parties in the exchanges?

Both parties in these exchanges want to obtain the best accounts available for their teams to maximize profit for the company, and also for their staff. In addition, they both want to get their points across while looking out for their teams’ best interest. Based on the exchange, it seems that Marilyn prefers sharing the accounts rather than being left with the small ones, while Len would like to work on accounts that will generate more money. How would you describe the general â€Å"tone† of the exchanges? The tone of the exchanges seems to be slightly aggressive between Marilyn and Len. In the first exchange, it almost seems like Len’s tone is a little threatening and Marilyn’s tone is defensive in response to this. She also seems to be worried that she’ll be stuck with the smaller, less productive accounts that Len is trying to push on her. Were Marilyn's objectives on the way to being effectuated in the first exchange? No, I feel that Marilyn started off well but then allowed Len’s aggression to get the best of her. She became more defensive while countering each of Len’s comments, which caused her to lose sight of the points she had to present in this negotiation. If this would have continued in this manner, Marilyn will not get her point across. Len had her backed into a corner, and Marilyn’s defensiveness was ineffective, since it wasn’t able to turn the negotiation in her favor. Were Len's objectives on the way to being effectuated in the first exchange? Yes, I feel that Len’s objectives were moving towards being effectuated because he was successful in diverting the conversation. He was able to divert Marilyn’s aims by accusing her of becoming upset in their conversation. He further gives his views authority by telling her that he has the approval of the boss, who supports his decision. What do you project the outcome of the first exchange to be? The projected outcome for the first exchange is that Len intimidates Marilyn to the point that she loses the focus on her objective, and no resolution is made. This was an example of distributive negotiation, since both parties are facing off with the goal of getting as much as possible. It is clear that Len had almost the complete advantage since the negotiation was in Len’s favor. His argument approach made it difficult for Marilyn to defend her position. Were Marilyn's objectives on the way to being effectuated in the second exchange? Yes, I believe that Marilyn was able to stand her ground and argue her points in the second exchange. Furthermore, she was able to effectively divert Len’s responses which helped to implement her objectives. In this exchange, she seems more confident and comfortable in responding to Len’s comments, especially about her team being unskilled. She shot back by reminding Len that they were his former members, which he had trained. Marilyn also corrected him when he said that the boss had already accepted his decision, by stating that she had already received his approval. The second exchange shows that Marilyn was much more prepared to handle Len’s arguments, and had a lot more control over the negotiation. Were Len's objectives on the way to being effectuated in the second exchange? Absolutely not, because in the second exchange Len was still adamant and shifty about his obligation to turn over the viable accounts Marilyn was expecting. The manner in which Marilyn addressed his points presented a challenge to him, which made it harder for him to effectuate. What do you project the outcome of the second exchange to be? I believe that this exchange was in Marilyn’s favor, and she would be able to win those accounts. As the negotiation progressed, Len would discover that his objections to Marilyn’s claims would be defeated, which would force him to turn over the accounts he promised. Identify two points of transition in each exchange and analyze the impact of the transition on the negotiation. In the first exchange, Marilyn asks Len about the viable accounts, which instantly makes him defensive, especially because of the pressure he’s faced with from his team, since they’re income depends on it. His defensive response is to question Marilyn’s teams’ competency. Marilyn asks the same question again when they meet for the second exchange, in which Len responds in the same manner. At this point, Marilyn informs Len that her team was previously trained and supervised by him, which then directs the level of competency back to him. Another transition point occurs when Marilyn identifies the reason as to why Len hasn’t turned over the accounts. She states that it’s because of his team losing income. Len does not effectively respond and chooses instead to claim the boss had already accepted it. Unbeknownst to him, Marilyn had already talked to the boss and received different information, to which Len could not counter. Len was caught in his own dishonesty and false threats.

Father John World Youth Day Speech Essay

The Holy Father John Paul II starts off his speech by analogizing the young people of the world. It is the celebration of the 20th world youth day. The theme of the next world youth day is â€Å"we have come to worship him. † it is a theme that allows young people from all over the world to follow in spirit the path taken by the Magi, and meet the Messiah. Just like the Magi the young people are setting out on a journey from every region of the world to go to Cologne. You mist be prepared spiritually, with full faith and hear what God has to say. The only reason that the Magi made it to Bethlehem was because they allowed themselves to robe guided by the star. It is important to pay attention to the signs that God is using to call us and guide us. When we are aware that he is leading us then we experience great happiness and a urge to meet him. He started off as poor to show us his divine glory which we shall achieve in heaven. We are set before the mystery of a God who lowered himself to take on human form to give up his life on the cross. Even though he had great wealth he became poor so that we may become wealthy. Faithfully following the path of our savior from the time of his birth to the time of his death we can better understand the mystery of his love which redeems us. The child born of Mary is the Man-God. That same savior is present in the Eucharist. He offers himself to us as the food of eternal life. As the Magi worshiped him in Mary’s arms we can worship him in the Eucharist. The Magi gave the Messiah gifts which symbolize true worship. We to offer the Lord gold but it is our freedom to follow him out of love, and responding faithfully to his call. We should be worshippers of the only true God, giving him pride of place in your lives. Sadly there are people who look for the solution to their problems in religious practices that are not compatible with the Christian faith. Reject the desire of wealth and the lustful temptations. Listening to God causes us to make brave choices, and sometimes may be seen as something heroic. Those who are called to serve him in priesthood must not be afraid. Even those who are not baptized are ignited to attend world youth day. By meeting in Cologne we are becoming better Christian people. This speech that was by father John Paul II was very good. I feel as if we are just like the Magi in a lot of way. There are so many things that the Magi did back then when Jesus was born that symbolizes stuff that we can do in today’s world. The first is worshiping the Eucharist as the Magi worshiped baby Jesus. Just like they showed their faith in God and followed the signs that he presented to them, we can follow God’s signs by not ignoring his calls to us to take up priesthood. As the Magi went to Bethlehem to worship the Lord when we to can worship the lord by going to church and participating in religious practices. If we choose the right choices in life and follow Christ like the Magi’s did then when can achieve eternal happiness.

Literary Traditions

A king is technically a male ruler of a land, but what really is a king? What truly makes a king? That question could be answered in many ways through the knowledge of kings in our real world or even those in the literature we read. Gilgamesh, Odysseus and Oedipus are all kings in classic literary texts. Each king has a completely different dynamic than the other; likeable qualities and unlikeable qualities. All three of these men have qualities of what the model of a king should be, however they also lack certain aspects of the equation.A king should always have the ellness of his people and land come first, as well as have the utmost respect for his people. A king should never abuse his power, but use his power to better his kingdom. When we are first introduced to Gilgamesh, he is a far cry from the model of what a true king should be. Gilgamesh is the king of Uruk, he is also two parts god, one part man. It is obvious that he considers himself more godly than he actually is. He i s almighty and is feared by his people. In the beginning of the story he is the paragon of a king that abuses his power with no respect or thought for his people.Gilgamesh has absolutely no regard for the lives of his soldiers, as he utilizes their forces whenever he feels necessary, even if it is not necessary to fight at all. On top of abusing the servitude of his soldiers, he also abuses his workers. Although Uruk is comprised of beautiful temples and ziggurats, Gilgamesh's only effort towards eradicating these extravagant structures was to force this labor onto his people. Gilgamesh seems to be fitting the character of a dictator better than that of a king. One of Gilgamesh's most horrifying qualities involves his lust for having sexual elations with women.Gilgamesh would rape the wives of his nobles, sleep with a man's bride before her husband, and even go to the extent of laying with their daughters as well. In no way does Gilgamesh model what a king should be. The gods heard the towns desperate pleas to be freed of this monster of a king, Gilgamesh and this is where Enkidu comes into play. Enkidu is a vital force in changing the direction of Gilgamesh's leadership qualities. The gods create Enkidu to counter Gilgamesh and stand up to him. Gilgamesh was very strong and ferocious.Enkidu was made to be Just as strong as Gilgamesh, so that he would actually have a chance at overcoming Gilgamesh's cruel ways. Enkidu and Gilgamesh brawl, but then become best friends. It seems as if Enkidu has knocked some sensibility and sudden kindness into Gilgamesh. The two adventurously and bravely set off into the wilderness to the cedar forest. They plan on bringing the cedar back to the town, as its very fine wood for structures. A king should be adventurous and brave, even if he is scared, he should not show his people that he is, for he is their ruler.Gilgamesh and Enkidu ventured towards the edar forest in conquest for the wood even though they were told that it was guarded by the vicious Humbaba. Whether or not their intentions were to bring the cedar back and build something of it without the forced labor of Uruks people is unknown, however it would be honorable if Gilgamesh had good intentions of building a beautitul structure tor his town. What really gains the respect ot a mass ot people is knowing that their ruler is willing to make sacrifices for the betterment of his domain.The wrongs Gilgamesh committed against his people will never be made right, however his conquest for cedar for the town is a first step. Gilgamesh also proves that his humanity has grown when he attempts to bring back a plant that keeps men young to the people of his town, even after he has failed to save himself from eventual death. Gilgamesh shows that he has some sense of compassion and care for the people of his town through this act of kindness. Although the plant is taken by a snake, as many say â€Å"it is the thought that counts. Gilgamesh is far from what a king should be; he is more of an example of the qualities a king should not possess, however he demonstrates a few admirable, king-like qualities. Odysseus is the husband of Queen Penelope of lthika. Odysseus has many more admirable qualities that a king should have, as opposed to Gilgamesh. Odysseus is a great warrior that fights alongside his men and has gained the trust and respect of his men. He may be a ruler but he sees himself as equals to them on the battlefield; a very honorable quality to have, which demonstrates a genuine care for the country and its people.Odysseus is also very convincing and sneaky. In many cases these would be bad characteristics of a king, however Odysseus uses these talents to his advantage in a way that does not belittle his people. A king should have a natural way with words† since they do hold the voice for the whole country. This quality can be useful in negotiation if used honorably. Odysseus puts his quick words and thinking into effect when him and his men are trapped in the cave with the Cyclops. He blinds the cyclops and his men and him ride out of the cave clinging onto the bellies of the sheep.Although his actions saved him and his men, a quality of Odysseus that is not so admirable revealed itself as they were sailing away. As the Cyclops was blindly throwing boulders at Odysseus and his crew escaping, Odysseus yelled back to the Cyclops his identity. Cyclops, if any mortal man ever asks you who it was that inflicted upon your eye this shameful blinding, tell him that you were blinded by Odysseus, sacker of cities. Laertes is his father, and he makes his home on Ithaka† Odysseus has too much pride and ego to Just quietly sail away. He wants his bold actions to be known that they were indeed his actions.Having too much pride counteracts the act of being brave. Is Odysseus brave because he is genuinely a heroic fighter or is he brave because he desires the attention that comes with being brave? He also p roves disloyal to his wife after years of trying to get home. Penelope, his wife, stayed loyal and faithful to her husband throughout the many years that he was gone, as well as hopeful of his return. Odysseus went astray sleeping with calypso for seven years. If Odysseus was so set on getting home, his genuine intentions are questionable if he spent that long of a period with calypso, practically being pampered.Odysseus' genuineness is questionable as well as his ego, however he have many more admirable qualities as a leader than Gilgamesh possessed. Oedipus is the king of Thebes. Of the two previously discussed kings, Oedipus est fits the more suitable qualities of what a king should be, although he is cursed. Oedipus has been ruler for quite some time now. If a king can rule a parcel of land tor a great period ot time and keep the peace in his domain, he must be doing his Job correctly He is a respectable leader who has brought good fortune for his people under his leadership.Oed ipus seems to have the genuineness that Odysseus lacked. Oedipus seems to genuinely care about his land and its people, as he listens and tends to their problems. He managed to solve the riddle of the sphinx and save his people from famine and sickness. He brought it upon himself to do this to lift the curse from his land. What really proves Oedipus' genuine nature is when he accepts the fate that he gave whomever was the killer of Laius. Despite Oedipus' fortune in being a successful leader, misfortune sought refuge in his ultimate fate.When Oedipus was born he was sent out to the hills to die because an oracle stated that it was in the infant's fate to grow up and kill his father and murder his mother. However baby Oedipus was pitied and taken far away to live so that he would never know this fate. When the murder of Laius came into question Oedipus stated that whomever illed him should be punished and exiled. A negative quality emerges when this comes into question. Oedipus point s his finger at Creon as the murder and is in complete denial of the accusations that he himself is the murderer.Denial is never a good quality to have. As a king, a leader must accept what is and do what is necessary to move on or solve the problem at hand. Well as the oracle predicted, Oedipus killed his father, who turned out to be Laius. When he found his fate to be true he gouged his eyes out because he could not bare to see the reality that had become his life and the people who were affected by it. Oedipus wanted to be taken away, he exiled himself as he said the killer should be. Oedipus shows much shame and humility in these acts, even though he had been in severe denial before the truth surfaced.A king such as Gilgamesh, in this situation might have Just blamed another man for the crimes and continued with his life. Although it is a shame what happened to Oedipus, the fact that he accepted the fate that was his speaks for the type of person he is. A king is a real person, although with higher power, under it all he is a human like the rest of mankind. Although he was a great leader he shows rue emotions and remorse, that any decent human being has; Oedipus shows that he is not above the law by accepting his own fate that he pinned on himself.Not abusing his high status is a true quality of an admirable king. Gilgamesh, Odysseus and Oedipus when compared are vastly different kings from one another. They all have qualities that make them a good king and qualities that make them a bad king; some more than others. When it comes down to what a good king is, decency is what really is most important when having such great power. When this decency is lost and power is abused, a bad king is in throne.

Mnagement of a Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mnagement of a Change - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that M&S was the first organization in UK to actually make over a  £1 billion in profits however, its performance, over the period of time, declined. One of the key reasons for the decline of the profitability of the firm was the economic recession which started during 2007. The recent reports suggest that M&S has been facing serious issues regarding the delivery and its supply chain. During last Christmas, M&S missed deliveries on lot of orders and ran the serious risk of loss of reputation.This essay discusses that considering the overall situation being faced by M&S and the rapid loss of reputation due to failed deliveries and other related issues with the supply chain, it is clear that besides bringing in more changes, it is also critical to focus on the cultural change. UK along with other developed countries faced strong economic recession which resulted into decline of consumer demand and subsequent reduction in profitability and revenues of the b ig organizations. Owing to the tough economic situation, suppressed demand as well as reluctant of banks to lend money, overall consumer demand remained at lower level during last many years. Considering this situation, it is critical for M&S to actually make a strategic shift and bring in the required cultural change within the organization. Though M&S is being going through the transformation process however, to make it more robust and a competitive player within the marke.

For this paper you will compare and analyze different primary Essay

For this paper you will compare and analyze different primary documents of the same topic or historical era - Essay Example II. An Old Whig An article published in The Massachusetts Gazette on November 27, 1787 questioned whether or not the â€Å"proposed constitution† was rushed (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). This article written by and titled â€Å"An Old Whig† pointed out that the constitution itself would require that every state in the union revise its existing laws so that those laws are consistent with the US Constitution. It therefore makes sense that the proposed constitution be revised and debated to ensure that it does accomplish that which it sets out to accomplish: the formation of a â€Å"great republic† (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). The article expressed fear that the proposed constitution was rushed primarily because the public demanded its passage. However, in rushing the proposed constitution, it was important not to lose sight of the dangers of putting too much power over the entire domain of the country into the hands of so few. Such a constitution must care fully consider the fundamental freedoms of the people and methods by which to safeguard against the abuse of powers by so few over the majority. Therefore it is important that the proposed constitution be revised and accompanied by a carefully drafted Bill of Rights otherwise, the proposed constitution could eventually turn the US into a monarchy (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). III. ... Unlike An Old Whig, the Philanthorpos provided specific examples of why the new constitution as it was threatened liberties and challenged the formation of a great Republic. For example the new constitution confers upon Congress the power to regulate commerce but does not give Congress the authority to borrow money. Moreover, Congress will have the power to appoint members of the judiciary and can exercise that power for altruistic reasons (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). Philanthorpos like An Old Whig predicted that the new constitution would lead to unstable and autonomous rule. While An Old Whig predicted the formation of a monarchy, Philanthorpos predicted the formation of a â€Å"tyranny† and â€Å"despotism† (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). The rich and powerful will fight to retain power and the poor will struggle to gain some measure of power and improvement in their lives. The likely outcome would therefore be a civil war (AntiFederalist Papers No. 1-85). The refore the predictions made by Philanthorpos were far more devastating than those made by An Old Whig. The latter article merely called for a careful reframing and revision of the proposed constitution and the former expressed the belief that it was a downgrade on the previous constitution and would, if presented as it stood lead to political unrest, divisions among the people, autonomy and eventually civil war. IV. Madison The Federalist Papers unlike the Anti-federalist papers supported the new constitution and were written by Jon Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison between late 1787 and May 1788. James Madison’s The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection, took an entirely different view of the Philanthorpos and An Old Whig

What is Democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

What is Democracy - Essay Example Assembly is made up of representatives from the citizens. Effectual guarantee of liberty of speech, press, religion, legislative body, and appeal and of parity before the law are essential to a democratic system of government. Political parties and politicians are the catalytic mediators that make democracy practicable. Democracy mean rule by the people, surely there has never been absolute democracy in any state and there barely will be in the near prospect either. So it is not probable to completely shift to democratic state: democracy can merely be increased or decreased. In western culture where it is "actual-democracy", the people have more authority than in a despotic system, but nonetheless that is very partial. For example in a survey carried out in Finland, by opinion polls a country famous for its western democratic system, 76 % of those asked thought that citizens' judgments do not have much weight on democracy policies made in the world. Throughout the last years we have read, heard, and seen approximately daily how Eastern Europe is "stirring to democracy" and to western democracy in particular. Many third world countries are said to be on the similar pathway. Once it was even declared that Rumania would shift to absolute democracy. Our trust in western liberal democracy, and our unshakeable faith that it is the sole carrier of a greater ethical reality, has blinded us. In addition, it imperils our own safety. Looking around the world through this prism, we are not capable to issue the force of other links, for instance religion, ethnicity or a non-democratic form of steps. We might confess that these issues have some weightage in parts of the world where the United States and its assistant sheriffs, Britain and Australia, so complacently believe the right to hold back, but we believe them to be no more than masks of unawareness to be on clean aside. Then, we say, the populace of these countries will willingly hold close its principles as certainly as medieval man would have acknowledged that the earth was round, not flat, had he been encountered to the marvels of modern science. Direct Democracy Compared to Representative Democracy This conviction is based on the right of each citizen over a definite age to listen to political meetings, vote on the problem being discussed at that meeting and accommodating the majority result should such a election lead to a law being approved which you as an individual did not sustained. Division of this conviction is the right of each one to embrace political office if they decide to do so. Direct democracy also consider that all people who have the right to, should aggressively contribute in the system so that it is diplomacy of the people and that whichever law approved does have the assistance of the preponderance. Direct democracy gives all people the right to contribute in spite of of religious viewpoint, gender, sexual point of reference, physical well being and so on. Only those who have specially gone next to society are barred from direct democracy. In Britain, those in penitentiary have affronted society in some means and, consequently, their

Human resources in context Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human resources in context - Assignment Example s well as the periodic targets of the managers and its members such as its operational design, needed capital outlay and aimed profit, and its value chain output. As such, the vertical and horizontal structure of an organization are engineered in accordance to set principles, corporate values, operational procedures and control mechanism to synergize its corporate administrative, operational and marketing functions. The offices or departments are maybe splitted or segregated or are maybe designed in subsystems but the entire management are driven by its strategic goals and desired operational outcomes. The structures therefore are patterned in such a way that fits to coordinate internal and external elements that can provide the right corporate environment for organizational interplay (Legnick & Legnick-Hall, 1999, p. 201). Of course, the management may restructure the organization depending on the internal and external changes happening within the control and outside the domain of the organization, provided it will not sacrifice the intentions, goals, and objectives of the company. Certainly, there are variances on how corporate organizations are designed since the management will also consider the experiences, external influences, coordination of human resource expertise and skills, financial viability, market prospects, and the nature on how organization operate (Werbel & DeMarie, 2005, p. 247). Expert contended that a company is maybe entrepreneurial, bureaucratic, professional, diversified (or divisional) and innovative. Through these types, the management can design its structures, horizontally and vertically, to make its operation entrepreneurial, good at decision-making, collaborative, and attain functional units. They are instrumental too in dealing with customers and clients to attain their s atisfaction. Contemporary human resources are known to possess the quality and ability of multi-tasking, are creative, innovative and are apt in the use of

Price of Hawaiian Punch Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Price of Hawaiian Punch - Essay Example Sales oriented objectives are setup when marketers plan to target Bottom of the Pyramid segment, where playing on margins is very difficult, since the disposable income is minimal. In the given situation, Hawaiian Punch has placed its product at such a price point that it has allowed companies to play on margins as well as volumes, and giving tough competition to Nestle (Buy The Case: Hawaiian Punch Lemon Berry Squeeze 2012). Markups are a major issue when it comes to distribution of products. Numeric Spread and Weighted Spread of a firm’s products depends on the distribution markup costs that a particular company faces. Retailer margins add to the costs that the company incurs. The sole purpose of every company or MNC in the market is profit maximization. In today’s highly competitive market where national and regional markets have integrated to form one common globalized arena, marketers have a tough job to come up with ideas and innovations which bring us to the idea of increasing the ‘size of pie’ strategy. Today consumers are highly aware of their needs and want about the latest technology about what suits them, who is offering what to them, and at what prices is the desired product offered. Customers today are well connected and up to date to such an extent that they can and do access any supplier in case of MNC’s and any producer in case of individual customers, w ho offer them premium quality products at affordable prices. This easy access to premium products all around the world has back fired in some cases. For example now companies face such immense competition coming from all around the globe that they have to create discounts, personalized pricing, negotiable pricing strategies and psychological pricing to generate instant sales and ensure market share growth. In case of discounts, companies plan to

Sexuality and Middle Adulthood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sexuality and Middle Adulthood - Essay Example According to Erik Erikson, the most important developmental challenge of middle adulthood is the conflict of generativity versus stagnation. Most people in the middle adulthood consider sexuality as essential component for physical and mental well-being. However, one of the basic issues concerning human sexuality during the middle adulthood is that there is a considerable decline in the frequency of sexual activity. According to Zanden, Crandell, and Crandell, "Frequency of activity and number of partners declines in middle adulthood ' Many healthy adults enjoy an active sex life into 70s and beyond' Medications for health problems often have sexual function side effects'. Lack of opportunity can be a factor... Time pressures of the job and family may leave couples with little time or energy for sex' Sexuality is refocused to sensuality for many middle adults." (Zanden, Crandell, and Crandell, 2000, p. 519). Therefore, human sexuality confronts serious challenges during the middle ad ulthood, although it is a highly essential component of human life during this period. Human sexuality during the middle adulthood confronts a basic issue with regard to the sexual activity of the individuals and most often there is an important decline in the frequency of sexual activity during this period.

Understanding Psychology Essay Example for Free

Understanding Psychology Essay I chose Karen Salmansohn and Don Zindell’s How to be Happy, Dammit (2001) primarily because of the title’s first impression upon me—it did not appear to be a conventional self help book that took itself seriously. A lot of people seem to resent the idea of reading self-help books and this book seem to be geared exactly towards those types, and I was intrigued as to what this book has to offer. The graphics also looked appealing as well as the book’s unusual dimensions. Of course, I also considered that I should get something for myself when reading a book to review, the title suggests that the author is somewhat more intelligent (or at least uses a more intelligent approach) than the run-of-the-mill self-help author. The book’s thesis is that a person (the cynic) can become happy by deciding to become happy. The book asserts that a person must maintain a rational mind and must make active decisions (and not just passively wait for life’s pseudo random events) to directly affect his state of mind. She supports this by bringing on forty-something life lessons that, viewed with the proper perspective, actually makes sense. The author tries to avoid the usual, drawn-out cliches by referencing various areas. It is peppered with witty remarks and draws inspiration from a number of different fields such as psychology, pharmaceuticals, biology, math, mountain climbing, even Bazooka Joe’s wisdom: â€Å"Never compromise your dreams†. It really isn’t that she’s saying something new, but she has a refreshing approach to some old ideas. The writer affects a whimsical, familiar tone that makes for very easy reading. It was an easy read, taking me just about an hour to finish, and would perhaps qualify as a coffee-table book, but is something really thought-provoking. She has a decent sense of humor and doesn’t seem to take herself seriously, but at the same time sounds sincere. She creates spoofs of famous and familiar lines to drive her points across, like stressing that one should have â€Å"Great Non-Expectations†, or that one should possess â€Å"the power in: I Think Therefore I Have†. The Psychological theory may be that emotions can be directly affected by the conscious decisions that a person makes. Akin to the idea that just as being happy makes a person smile, smiling can also make an unhappy person a bit happier. By being a rational being, as in Carl Jung’s conjecture one who controls his actions by thinking (Morris 340), one would, as the author puts it, attain the â€Å"secret to happiness. † Another life lesson in the book that illustrates this is the assertion that one could always choose how he projects his feelings toward life, that we always have a choice. Life is a series of random events, but we can control what direction we’re going (or at least we can control our feelings, no matter what the circumstances. ) The books intended audience is the unhappy disillusioned crowd, those who abhor and cringe at the thought of reading self-help books. The book has, on some level, given me ideas, or at least made a concrete illustration of ideas that have always been afloat in my mind in some vague form. Luck is, ironically, something you can create, and that life must be lived now. I would recommend this book to someone who is jaded or seems to have lost hope being happy. It won’t take long to read, and whoever’s reading it could sure appreciate the humor. It may or may not prove to be the key to ultimate happiness but it would at least make a fun and interesting read. Works Cited Morris, Charles G. and Albert A. Maisto. Understanding Psychology. Upper Sadle: Prentice Hall, 2001. Salmansohn, Karen and Don Zindell. How to Be Happy, Dammit: A Cynics Guide to Spiritual Happiness. Berkeley: Celestial Arts, 2001.

Leonardo Davinci The Greatest Genius History Essay

Leonardo Davinci The Greatest Genius History Essay Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Anchiano, near Vinci in the Republic of Florence, which is now Italy. He died on May 2, 1519 in Cloux (now Clos-Luce) France. Leonardo da Vinci is believed to be the greatest genius that ever lived. Leonardo had become a master in more fields of any other before or since him. Most geniuses such as Albert Einstein or Alfred Hitchcock were masters only in a single field. It was not the case with Leonardo. He believed that all subject matter was interconnected in one way or another. Leonardo expressed a great deal of his other works in his works of art. He was an Italian painter, draftsman, sculpture, architect, engineer, mathematician, musician, scientist, a writer, and a well-known inventor. Da Vinci, the Artist Leonardo started his career as an artist in about 1469 in Verrocchios fabled workshop. Leonardo, a youth at the time was Verrocchios assistant. One of their famous masterpieces was the Baptism of Christ. This painting was started in 1472 and took roughly 3 years to complete. It is currently being housed at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy. A great deal of the detail of this painting was believed to be done by Leonardo himself. X-rays of the painting and comparing them to the original sketches shows that Leonardo had done the painting entirely different that the way Verrocchio had intended it to be in finished form. This may be the earliest indication that Leonardo was trying to free himself from his masters coaching to follow his own path. Verrocchio had felt threatened by the fact that da Vincis angel in the painting had seemed to be a great deal better than the other three which were painted by Verrocchio (John the Baptist) and other students) After this Verrocchio had lost in terest in painting and concentrated on his other talents such as sculpture and metal working. Suffice to say, this was Verrocchios last well-known painting and the start of Leonardos career as a famous artist. Another of his more famous works, the Mona Lisa, has brought forth much controversy over the years since its completion in 1506. It was painted in Florence, Italy on wood with oil paints and now currently resides at the Musee du Louvre, Paris. Some of this controversy includes such questioning as follows: Why is she smiling (was she secretly pregnant at the time of the painting), is this really a woman or a cleverly disguised self-portrait of Leonardo himself? If Mona Lisa was actually a self portrait of Leonardo, then the smile couldnt have been of a secret pregnancy, but most-likely of a secret that the painting is actually based on the artist. The Last Supper is another one of Leonardos great works of art. It is a mural that measures 30 feet by 14 feet. This great size mad it a great challenge for the very talented Leonardo. The work was started in 1495 and after 3 years of many sketches and preparatory drawings, the work was finally completed in 1498. This painting was done at the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie on the north refectory. This job focused on a scene at the moment of the announcement Judas betrayal. Instead of seating them in a traditional seating arrangement for that time, he seated them so that one could see each of the apostles faces and facial expressions as they hear the announcement of the betrayal of Jesus. This job couldnt have come at a more perfect time for Leonardo, for he was in his time of depression. This job not only brought him out of his depression, but it also won back the Duke Lodovicos patronage and through this he acquired a vineyard and a piece of property of 16 rods located near San Vittore. Other paintings by Leonardo include St. John in the Wilderness, Benois Madonna, Sala delle Asse, St. Jermome, Adoration of the Magi, and many others. Da Vinci and his sculptures Leonardo not only had a talent for art, which he seems the most famous for, but also he had a flare for sculpture. Some of his more well-known sculptures are the Horse in Bronze and the Il Cavallo. The Bronze horse was started in 1482 when the Duke of Milan had commissioned Leonardo to build the worlds biggest horse in honor of his father to guard over the Dukes castle. It stood 24 feet high upon its completion. The sculpture started out as a full size cay model and was eventually later cast in Bronze, thus the name the Bronze Horse. Leonardos other well known sculpture, Il Cavallo, was another horse sculpture that he would not see completed. This only exists in the form of the multitude of drawings that were left behind by da Vinci. Also left behind were two issues da Vinci had with his sculpture. The first was the fact that he needed to fill the space where the horses belly was to be and the second issue was settling on the position of the rider. Unfortunately for Leonardo, this wa s one sculpture he could not complete. Da Vinci, the Inventor Leonardo had many great inventions for his time period and a great deal of them was ahead of their time. These inventions can be put into a number of categories according to the invention and the intended purpose of the invention. The first category would be flight. This category includes the parachute, the helicopter, and the glider. The second category is forgeries. In this category would be the Turin Shroud. The reason for this as being in the forgery category is the fact that people question whether it is authentic or it was one of da Vincis illusions of making it look authentic by using his many artistic talents. The third category of his inventions is maps. Leonardo had made great improvements in the area of map making in his time period. The fifth category is the military. This category includes the plans he had drawn up for an automobile (re-invention), the invention of a three-tiered machine gun, a scaling ladder (improvement), and a military tank. Even his paintings, which are the sixth category, can be considered as inventions for Leonardo in the fact that he had made improvements in the art and also in his creative techniques. The seventh category for inventions for da Vinci is statues in the fact that, just as in paintings he had made improvements and used different techniques and also invention. The last but not least category in the inventions for da Vinci is a category that I would have never even thought or known about is robots. Leonardo was experimenting with this concept in 1495. The robot is a knight in appearance and is wearing the traditional armor for the time which was Italian-German. It had realistic features as well. For instance if one were to look into the mouth of the robot one would find it looked as a real humans mouth would. Leonardo had done this to prove to himself how easily a human beings body could be imitated. This to me in itself shows pure genius. I could go basically on and on forever about the great deal of accomplishments of the great Leonardo da Vinci. He had made great improvements to the art world, helped science a great deal, made inventions and plans for inventions that would be a great help to society. He was also a great mathematician, musician and writer as well. I believe that for one to be considered the greatest genius to ever live they need to have a vast knowledge of a multitude of different subjects. Leonardo da Vinci is the only person thus far has come to mind as that such person who greatly qualifies for such an honor.

Impact Of Internet Advertising On Television Advertising

Impact Of Internet Advertising On Television Advertising Various techniques and methods have been used by advertisers to convey the message their product is meant for and to create a brand image. This paper basically deals with the evolution of advertising, the typesof advertising and concentrating on the two most important types i.e. television and internet advertising. A comparison has been done of the two major types of advertising and the impact of internet advertising on television advertising is shown. EVOLUTION OF ADVERTISING: Earlier the capitalists ruled the market and early advertising was done by simple announcement of goods or services available in the traditional placard style. The government stepped in to counterweight the monopoly created by capitalism, but nature despises a vacuum and eventually the competing force came along. Once they realised that they were dependent on a single economy, the adversarial entities also got into the advertising game in order to attract business by this means rather than debasing the market, consumers and each other. The mass production of posters and circulars was initiated after the invention of Gutenbergs printing press in 1450. The first advertisment was a handbill, printed in Englishand introduced in 1472. The main purpose of this handbill was to propagate about the sale of a prayer book.This followed by the first newspaper ad, offering a prize money for finding 12 stolen horses, 200 years later.Classified ads started appearing frequently in Englands newsletter by the 17th century.These ads just consisted of the description of the product and their price whereas color and illustrations were introduced in the late 19th century. The commision system i.e. giving a discount of 25% on the ad space in newspapers, was introduced by the first advertising agency which was set up in 1841 by Volney Palmer in Boston. The concept of space selling initiated from here. The first full-service advertising agency was N.W.Ayer Son, established in 1869. Pears Soap launched one of the initial highly successful advertising campaigns. Thomas Barratt, Father of modern advertising, introduced a series of advertisements that featured children, nature and beautiful women, in order to promote the companys product. The influential inventions that have helped to shape media and in turn advertising are: Printing press: Broadcast of information done in the form of words through different newspapers and magazines. Radio: With the invention of radio, for the first time, advertising was heard and not just seen. The sales of products advertised on radio increased since every home in America was in a possession of a radio. The advertisers started promoting their products with the advent of jingles. Television: The invention changed everything. Invented in 1920s, television became popular in 1950s after the decrease in price. With this invention print and radio had to take a backseat as for the first time a commercial message was broadcasted with sight, sound as well as motion. Internet: The invention of internet technology has made the jobs of the advertisers quite easier and more effective as it is a very powerful and fast growing communication medium that provides the consumer with easy and quick access to information and knowledge. WHAT IS ADVERTISING? Advertising can be explained as the promotion of ideas, goods or services which results in the promotion of companies. The demand of the product can be increased by promoting about the product through advertising. Some find advertising to be an unnecessary assault on their senses-typified by either a billboard distorting a beautiful landscape or a loud-mouthed boor hard selling something they dont need. Others find it an unnecessary economic burden-the one that inflates the price of everything that is being bought. But advertising actually tends to take many forms apart from the various definitions given to it. It includes communication that evidently attempts to facilitate a transaction, reaction or action. Social interactions do not necessarily have the variant of advertising in it but industrial democratic societies revolve around it. Word of mouth is not an appropriate way to sell mass produced products-they must be delivered to distant consumers who have knowledge about them. Similarly an industrialized democratic society cannot operate/survive without competition or the ability of varied competitors to offer alternatives. Mass production, then, is nothing but freedom of speech, long distance. Advertising can be seen as a promoting strategy for a companys products in order to drive sales and services but also to create a brand identity and to communicate changes to the new product/service to the customers. Advertising has become an integral part of the corporate world and hence companies invest a considerable amount of revenue on it as their advertising budget. The various reasons for advertising are: There are various reasons and media which can be used for advertising. On this basis there are several branches of advertising. Print Advertising Newspapers, Brochures ,Magazines, Fliers It is one of the most popular and common means of advertising. The advertising space is sold according to the position of the advertisement, the area occupied by the advertisement and the readership of the publications. Print media also offers promotional brochures and fliers for advertising purposes. Example: Outdoor Advertising Billboards, Tradeshows and Events, Kiosks. It also a very popular medium for advertising attracting the outdoor customers through the use of billboards, kiosks and various events and tradeshows organized by the company. Example: Broadcast advertising -Radio, Television and the Internet Television, radio and the internet make this medium of advertising very popular amongst the various types of customers. The popularity of television advertisements was seen to grow right after the moment they were introduced. The total cost depends on time of broadcast, the span of the advertisement and the popularity of the television channel on which it is to be broadcasted. Example: Vodafone Essar initiated the Zoozoo campaign and won three awards including two gold and one silver at the AME awards ceremony held in Shanghai. The radio has been decreasing in popularity ever since television and internet advertising have been introduced, but still certain small-scale advertisers prefer them. Covert Advertising Advertising in Movies This is a special type of advertising in which a brand or product is integrated in some entertainment channels like television shows, movies or sports. There is no commercial specifying about the product or brand in the entertainment but it is evidently or subtly showcased in the entertainment show. Examples of covert advertising are: The American Idol judges: Paula, Randy and Simon all sitting at their large desk and drinking out of a large cup that says Coca-Cola. BMW, Ford and Ashton Martin cars were featured in the recent James Bond movie Casino Royale. Surrogate Advertising Advertising Indirectly It is prominently used in scenarios where advertising a particular product has been banned by the law. Products like alcohol and cigarettes are prohibited any kind of advertisement in several countries due to the injurious effect of these products on the health of people. These products have to innovatively come up with many other products that might have the same brand name and which will indirectly remind people of the cigarettes or alcohol of the same brand. Example: Kingfisher and Fosters are beer brands that use surrogate advertising to advertise their products. Public Service Advertising Advertising for Social Causes It is a technique that uses advertising to convey and promote social messages and issues like global warming, AIDS, poverty, illiteracy, energy conservation, etc. David Oglivy, one of the founders of marketing and advertising concepts, encouraged the use of advertising for a social cause. He once quoted: Advertising justifies its existence when used in the public interest it is much too powerful a tool to use solely for commercial purposes. Example: Celebrity Advertising: The modern day consumer is gradually getting immune to the claims made in various advertisements but there is still a section of advertisers that depend on the celebrities and the popularity that they bring along with them. Celebrity advertising involves signing up celebrities for various ad campaigns which includes television ads and print ads. Example: TELEVISION ADVERTISING HISTORY: Broadcasting developed with companies selling radios but gradually the companies realised that many households listened to radios for a significant amount of time everyday. These companies started a way to explore this medium as a way to convey their message across to the masses. Radio broadcasting began with radio program broadcast by station WEAF in the New York City on August 28, 1922. It was a 10 minute advertisement for the suburban apartment housing. By the late 20s radio advertising had advanced dramatically and was dominating the advertising world. The utilised the creative component to sell one product or another. This paved way for genesis of television advertising that was predicted to begin in a few more decades. It took United States a long time to recover from the Depression and the World War II which resulted in the gradual hold of the full time telecating until 1948. As television was totally a new phenomenon i.e. the one offering sound and moving pictures, the advertising sector moved very vigilantly into this domain as they were not sure what method would work best to promote their rpoducts on television to their customers. After doing extensive research through study and surveys, the advertising agencies concluded that the most effective way, at that moment, to reach their consumers was by creating shows that featured a single product or a line of products from a single company. This concept gave rise to television shows of the 1950s like Colgate Comedy Hour, Kraft Television Theater and Coke time. As the television gained popularity with more and more people watching it, the television networks raised the cost of doing business and this led to the increase of the cost incurred for telecasting a product on television forcing a massive change between the relationship of advertising agencies, the sponsors/clients and television networks. Sylvester Pat Weaver, NBC executive, introduced the magazine concept according to which the sponsors would purchase blocks of time in a show instead of sponsoring an entire show. This idea was resisted by Masison Avenue but after experimentation it was seen that this was an effective method in case of various packaged-goods companies manufacturing an abundance of brand names like Procter and Gamble with products like Jif (peanut butter), Tide (detergent) and Crest (toothpaste). The magazine concept dominated the television advertising by 1960 and from thereon. In order to reach maximum number of consumers, sponsors spread their messages across the schedule of various television shows. The evolution of the magazine concept marked the birth of most modern television advertising. CATEGORIES OF TELEVISION ADVERTISING: PROS AND CONS OF TELEVISION ADVERTISING: PROS: CONS: A lot of people can be reached on an international, national as well as regional level in a short period of time. Viewers may not view the commercial if it is not interesting. Different segments of people can be targeted with ease through one medium at the same time. The exposure is limited due to a specified amout of airtime and ad clutter and amount of information communicated is less. Helps to convey the message across with the help of sight, sound and motion and reach different targeted audiences easily. In order for the consumer to retain the advertisement and act, the exposure should not be restricted to a few numbers. The advertisement needs to reach the viewer minimum 5-7 times or else it will result in nothing but a waste of money. People are not loyal to one channel. Availability of various channels due to cable leads to various choices and so it becomes difficult for an advertiser to know the exact viewership for a particular program in order to reach maximum number of people. It is not necessary that a viewer may indulge in watching commercials during a break. Infact he may end up doing lot of other things like going to the bathroom, getting a snack or having a conversation with someone The relative cost of commercials is higher since it is dominant in the area of influence and the cost depends on creativity, airtime and production. INTERNET ADVERTISING: With the advancement and development in technology came the internet, which is considered to be the most efficient channel for communication. Internet was not considered as a serious option for advertising as the websites were expensive and was mainly funded by government and various academic institutions. But nowadays internet advertising has become one the most popular medium and the websites that did not support this did not survive. Internet advertising followed the commencement of the World Wide Web. The World Wide Web was introduced in 1991 by CERN located in Switzerland. It acted as an easily accessible medium for various companies to market their products. Online advertising experienced a rapid boom and by 2001, top companies like Yahoo!, Microsoft, American Online and Amazon managed to attain a viewership of around 125-442 million viewers. Originally advertisers had to pay to advertise on the internet, mostly in the manner of a banner at the top of a webpage.But nowadays they have to pay depending on the number of clicks their ad receives. The initial web ads were banners which were nothing but horizontal adverts located across the top of the webpage. But with the rapid evolution of the internet, the concept of banners also progressed. Now the information of the advertiser could be obtained just by scrolling the mouse over the banner. Some banners even contain short videos that show the product in action. The advertisers and webmasters found new ways of placing the ads on the internet apart from banners. The ads could now be included within the content of the page, vertical banners and small buttons. Vertical banners became very famous with the advertisers as the viewer can see the ad while scrolling down a long page. Earlier all these advertisements were encoded by the webmaster and then added to the webpage but nowadays there are third party organisations who do the job of putting the ads into the webpage. Internet advertising has become a necessity for all kinds of organizations, big or small, and it is a rare situation to not find a marketing department of a large firm that does not include an e-Advertising group. Although it is the most feasible way to advertise, still internet advertising accounts for just 2% of all the advertising spending in the economy today.This is mostly because of ths fact that internet advertisements are much cheaper than the television, radio or print advertisements. TYPES OF INTERNET ADVERTISING: BANNER ADS: Their main purpose is to do branding so that the consumer can recall it later and the other one is to ensure direct sales by either just clicking on the banner or calling the number given in the banner or just visiting the sales location mentioned. Example: UNICAST ADS: These type of ads pop-up and demonstrate something similar to a miniature television commercial. If the consumer is interested in the ad and wants to learn more about the product, then he can do so by clicking on the ad. Example: SIDEBAR ADS: These are the ads that are placed vertically on the computer screen and are generally known as skyscraper ads. They are larger than the banner ads and are more effective then them since they cannot be scrolled off the screen and so the time for which the viewer is on a particular page; he has to bear the sidebar ad. Example: BLOGGING: Blog is a type of website that used to maintain various comment entries, description of events or products and different materials like videos and graphics. Example: POP-UP ADS: These are ads that pop-up in another window and are more revenue generating then the banner ads. Example: SEARCH ENGINE SUBMISSION: This is done by submitting your site to different search engines and works better with smaller search engines. SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION: This strategy works by getting your website ranked amongst the top websites which makes it a point that someone is likely to visit your website. TEXT LINKS: These are links which the viewer can click to visit another site. Owners of two websites can agree to swap links meaning that both of them install a link on the other owners site. FLOATING ADS: These ads pop-up on the screen and then drift anywhere within a timespan of 5-30 seconds. Example: IMPACT OF INTERNET ADVERTISING ON TELEVISION ADVERTISING: The advertising industry has been dominated by the television industry for all these years until recently with the advent of internet which resulted in a social boom as the social networks provided viewers with online movies and video. A huge amount of time is spent by the viewers on the internet then watching television. Internet helps to satisfy particular interests of people more completely which television fails to do. The internet provides the viewers with more and a better choice which gives them immediate satisfaction by helping them concentrate on the subject they are looking for at that moment. The monopoly of television over its viewers is no longer prevalent and is gradually decreasing. The use of DVRs has also led viewers to switch from television to internet as the DVR owners are now skipping all the television commercials. Television ads are found to be long, troublesome and easily avoidable whereas there are certain types of internet advertising which cannot be avoided and it must be watched since it is brief and interesting. The marketers are now accomodating as much as 20% of their advertising budget to internet advertising as internet advertising is more interesting and affects the brand image in a completely different manner as compared to television advertising. Also, different viewers can view different advertisements on the same webpage while browsing through the internet whereas this option is not available with television advertising. Advertisers have realised that internet works as a direct communication medium with their customers and that providing them with useful information about their products, helps them build a customer database for their future use. The major characteristics of internet advertising that distinguishes it from television advertising are: CONCLUSION: In order to reap the benefits of information technology, Internet works as a stepping-stone. The future of internet advertising is very bright and advertisers should refocus their ideologies about advertising in relation to the use of internet and the policy pertaining to privatizing the internet service. The popularity of the internet can be seen by the usage in different regions depicted in the graph below: As it has been shown above that internet is gradually taking over the advertising market and destroying the monopoly of television advertising, we can easily say that internet advertising can turn out to be the new leader of advertising and entertainment in future.

Book Report The Corona Project by Curtis Peebles :: essays research papers

THE CORONA PROJECT: AMERICA’S FIRST SPY SATELLITES Curtis Peebles is empowering readers with the newly declassified information on how the first American satellites were set into use for intelligence gathering. Through his book, â€Å"The Corona Project: America’s First Spy Satellites†, the author gives detailed information on the birth of the satellite program by watching the Corona project from its beginnings in the late 1940s to the declassification of the project and its exhibitions at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book begins with a look into World War II and how the event of Pearl Harbor pressed the need for aerial reconnaissance. The first chapter gives the different technological challenges that had to be faced in order to achieve aerospace superiority. This chapter takes a close look into the development of the WS-117L reconnaissance satellite and how the two projects are related.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main thrust that the project received was from the launch of Sputnik I. With the Soviets now seemingly ahead, the author explains how the project was taken away from the Air Force who was failing with the WS-117L and passed the mission onto the CIA for the development of the Corona satellites. Peebles explains that the difference between the two programs is that the WS-117L promised almost real-time through radio-transmitted imagery while the Corona missions would drop the film from the nose cone for development.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The engineering team faced numerous challenges in the task of getting the satellites into orbit as explained in chapter three. The chapter covers blundering trial after trial and the success finally achieved by Discoverer 13 after delivering its payload (an empty capsule) undamaged to the earth’s surface.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Peebles goes into depth about the first sets of films that were recovered and developed in chapters four through six and then goes into depth about how this new satellite program revolutionized the capabilities that the Americans now had in aerial reconnaissance. Peebles covers the continuing evolution of the KH or â€Å"Key Hole† cameras used aboard the Corona satellites. The author talks extensively about the Kennedy administration and the Corona project, which lead to the increase of security as the project grew.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The bread and butter of the information provided in the text can be found in chapters seven through nine. In these chapters the author provides detailed information about how the satellite preformed operations. Furthermore, Peebles begins sharing new information about recently declassified photography of Soviet (and a few other countries) installations.

The Hole in My Heart :: Personal Narratives Health Medical Essays

The Hole in My Heart When I was younger, I loved to play sports. Basketball was my favorite and I was always one of the best on the team. I could jump high to get rebounds, I could use my long arms to steal many balls, I had a great shot and I did it all with grace. It was a beautiful thing and probably the only time I ever felt completely included in a group of people. Even though I was a valuable asset to the teams I played on, I was never the best. I missed many practices because I was too tired to play. I missed some games because I was sick, and I could never run as long or hard as any one else. My parents, teachers and friends reduced me to a lazy hypochondriac and by the power of suggestion, I almost believed it. At the end of the eighth grade, I could not do it anymore. I needed to sleep all afternoon, and sharp pains stabbed my legs with every step I took. Furthermore, I had just realized that I was a lesbian and the stress was causing me to be excessively distracted. How could I have existed wi th something so powerful living in my body for so long and not know it until now? I guess society’s expectations had blinded me. Of course, hindsight is always 20/20; as I reexamined my life as of that far, I could see that it had always been with me. So with the fatigue, stress, pain and illness I called it quits just a few games before the end of the season. During the next few years, I slowly limped around school, and slept through many hours of the day. I had already finished growing, so it made no sense that I slept as much as I did. I already knew why I limped; I have an extra spine bone that puts pressure on my sciatic nerve causing the sharp pains in my lower body, but there was a new unexplained weakness in my hips. It was not until a trip to Las Vegas when I definitely knew there was something wrong. I was eating dinner with my mom and sister when the skin on my wrists turned puffy and I had a strange feeling in my body and my mouth like what it feels like to touch a cotton ball with wet hands.

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 16

The Best Therapist in the Entire World The Monday morning after the Eagles beat the Texans, a funny thing happens. I'm doing some initial stretching in the basement, when my father comes down for the first time since I have been home. â€Å"Pat?† he says. I stop stretching, stand up, and face him. He's on the last step, stopped as if he is afraid to set a foot down on my territory. â€Å"Dad?† â€Å"You certainly got a lot of equipment down here.† I don't say anything, because I know he is probably mad at my mother for buying me a gym. â€Å"There's pretty good Eagles coverage in the papers today,† he says, and then extends the sports sections of the Courier-Post and The Philadelphia Inquirer to me. â€Å"I got up early and finished reading both so that you could keep up with the team. By your comments yesterday during the game, I could tell you don't know all of the players, and I thought maybe you'd like to follow along this season now that you're home and – well, I'll just leave them on the top step from now on.† I'm too shocked to speak or move, because my father has taken the sports pages with him to work ever since Jake and I were little kids. Jake used to fight with Dad all the time about this, asking him to at least bring home the sports sections after work so we could read the articles after we finished our homework. But Dad always left with the papers before we were out of bed, and he never brought the sports sections home for us ever, saying he forgot or lost them at work. Jake finally subscribed himself when he got his first job stocking shelves at the local Big Foods, and this was when we started reading the daily sports pages together every morning before school. He was twelve; I was thirteen. I do three hundred sit-ups on the Stomach Master 6000 before I allow myself to pick up the paper from the bottom step. As my stomach muscles crunch and burn, I worry that my father is only playing a mean trick on me and that the papers will be the entertainment or food sections, but when I finish the sit-ups and make my way to the steps, I see that Dad really did leave me the sports sections of both papers. When it is time for me to take my a.m. pills, I find my mom in the kitchen cooking eggs. My plate is set at the breakfast bar, and my five morning pills are laid out in a line on a napkin. â€Å"Look,† I say, and hold up what my father gave me. â€Å"Sports pages, eh?† Mom says over the sound of frying eggs. â€Å"Yeah.† I sit down and pop all five pills into my mouth, trying to decide how many I will swallow today. â€Å"But why?† Mom scrapes the eggs from the pan and onto my plate with her spatula. She smiles and says, â€Å"Your father is trying, Pat. But I wouldn't ask too many questions if I were you. Take what he gives you and be happy – that's what we do, right?† She smiles at me hopefully, and right then I decide to swallow all five pills, so I take a sip of water and do just that. Every day that week, I hear the basement door open and close, and when I check the top step, I find the sports sections, which I read from cover to cover while I eat breakfast with Mom. The big news is the upcoming Giants game, which everyone thinks will be the key to winning the NFC East, especially since the Giants have already lost to the Indianapolis Colts in game one. A loss will put them at 0 – 2 and the Eagles at 2 – 0. The game is being hyped as a big one, and I have a ticket, thanks to Jake, which makes me really excited. Each night, I wait for my dad to come home from work, hoping he might want to talk about the upcoming game with me – so I can use the current players' names and prove to him that I am a real fan again – but he always takes his dinner into his study and locks the door. A few times I actually go to his study and raise a fist to knock, but I chicken out every night. Mom says, â€Å"Give him time.† Sitting in the brown recliner, I talk about my dad with Dr. Cliff during my Friday appointment. I tell him how Dad is leaving me the sports sections now, and how I know this is a huge deal for Dad, but I wish he would talk to me more. Cliff listens, but says little about my father. Instead he keeps bringing up Tiffany, which is sort of annoying because she has only been following me when I run, and that's about it. â€Å"Your mother says you are going to the beach with Tiffany tomorrow,† Cliff says, and then smiles like men sometimes do when they are talking about women and sex. â€Å"I'm going with Ronnie and Veronica and baby Emily too. The whole point is to take Emily to the beach because she did not get to go much this summer and it will be cold soon. Little kids love the beach, Cliff.† â€Å"Are you excited about going?† â€Å"Sure. I guess. I mean, I'll have to get up super early to get a good workout in and finish when we come home, but – â€Å" â€Å"What about seeing Tiffany in a bathing suit?† I blink several times before I grasp what he has said to me. â€Å"You said before that she has a nice body,† Cliff adds. â€Å"Are you looking forward to seeing it? Maybe she will wear a bikini. What do you think?† I feel mad for a second – because my therapist is sort of being disrespectful – but then I realize Cliff is testing my morals again, making sure I am fit to be out of the mental institution, so I smile, nod, and say, â€Å"Cliff, I'm married, remember?† He nods back wisely and winks, making me feel like I passed the test. We talk a little more about how I made it through a whole week without having an episode, which is evidence that the drugs are working, according to Cliff – because he doesn't know I spit at least half of the pills into the toilet – and when it is time for me to go, Cliff says, â€Å"I just have one more thing to say to you.† â€Å"What?† He shocks me by jumping to his feet, throwing both hands in the air, and yelling â€Å"Ahhhhhhhhhhhhhh!† So I jump to my feet, throw both hands in the air, and yell â€Å"Ahhhhhhhhhhh!† too. â€Å"E!-A!-G!-L!-E!-S! EAGLES!† we chant in unison, spelling the letters with our arms and legs, and suddenly I am so happy. Cliff predicts a 21 – 14 Eagles victory as he walks me out of his office, and after I agree with his prognosis, we enter the waiting room and my mother says, â€Å"Were you two just doing the Eagles chant?† Cliff raises his eyebrows and shrugs his shoulders at my mother, but when he turns to walk back into his office, he begins whistling â€Å"Fly, Eagles, Fly,† at which point I know that I am seeing the best therapist in the entire world. On the drive home, my mother asks me if Cliff and I talked about anything other than Eagles football during the therapy session, and instead of answering her question, I say, â€Å"Do you think that Dad will start talking to me at night if the Eagles beat the Giants?† Mom frowns, grips the steering wheel a little harder. â€Å"The sad reality is he might, Pat. He really might,† she says, and I start to get my hopes up.

Week busn homework

I had to step back and really think about what was being asked and why. The first question involves increasing U. S sports franchises popularity overseas and the cultural obstacles one must overcome. The next question deals with making products from these franchises appropriate for international market, and the last question brings in our government, would placing tariffs on imported products protect our industries.These three questions have multiple ways of being answered it will really depend on the beliefs of the person answering the question. When you think about U. S sports franchises trying to increase their popularity overseas, you must first understand what the people overseas are looking for and how your sport fits within the culture.For this question I will use our version of football, we see that the NFG every year has games in London in order to try and gain mom popularity with the people, the problem here Is you can't Just have teams go and play the game the people overs eas need to understand what is going on during the game. Soccer is already becoming a part of the U. S. So how did that happen, for me I think it was due to parents not wanting their kids to play football for the fear of injury do to the high impact nature of the game, It was a cultural change in the way people looked at the violence of football.Now back to my original point I watch many ports and soccer Isn't one of them as I have no clue what Is going on and my Interest isn't there to make me want to explore and find out, and this Is the problem the NFG has overseas people have traditions set when It comes to soccer and rivalries already exist and these are two cultural factors a U. S. Franchise must overcome, not to mention must people overseas don't Like the fact that we decided to call our sport football as the foot Isn't nearly the biggest aspect of the game.

Abuse of Woman’s Rights

ABUSE OF WOMAN'S RIGHTS A man once approached me and asked, â€Å"Could you describe a woman in three words?† I than asked â€Å"A woman from which century, the 15th or the 20th?† He than said â€Å"Both!† After a moment of thought I replied, † A woman from the 15th century would be, gentle, loving and inspiring† than I paused†¦ and confidently continued † However a woman from the 20th century would be, greedy, greedy and greedy†. You might all be wondering why I have such pessimistic views towards the woman of the 20th century even though I'm a woman, right? Since 1848, the birth of the Woman Liberation Movement, many women of the world have changed their traditional feminine ways just to obtain what they call as ‘equal rights'. I have no objections to the term ‘equal rights' as every human being despite female or male deserve to be treated equally. However due to the expansion of this movement many beliefs have been misunderstood, for example a woman's age is everything. In this century, the 21st century, if a woman is less than 20 years of age they have no responsibilities, they call it freedom. If a woman is less than 30 years old their career is everything and marriage should just be a distant dream. However if a woman were less than 40 years of age they would have to juggle a family life and their career but soon confronted with a need to lead a free life. As woman gradually grow older they ‘free' again just like they were when younger than 20. This is the message that ‘Hollywood' brings forward to every woman of the world, but if you were to compare movies of the past to those of today the personality and role of woman have changed dramatically. The Woman Liberation Movement did finally achieve their long wished dream, and that is to obtain equal rights. After awhile the movement was misunderstood and women of the world started rebelling/ protesting against nothing. All these women were just greedy for fame, money and mostly power. For many years these women demanded equal rights. However in the book of law it states that ‘women should be protected as they are the weaker species'. Where is the just in that? If woman are the weaker species and every woman of the world agreed to this law why do they ask for equal rights? The equalization in opportunities, why? If they wanted equal rights so badly the first thing that should have protested against was this law. Why was this law made in the first place? That is because it was designed to protect woman, to protect woman from the outside world and this weaker gender could be very vulnerable if caught alone. That is why this law was designed. Why haven't they rebelled against this law? That's because they are all very aware of the dangers that lie before them if this law wasn't present. The risk of anything happening to them would be twice the amount. When Eve was first made wasn't she made from one of the ribs of Adam? Eve came from a part of Adam. Doesn't that make her not as equal in everything compared to Adam? Eve just came from one tiny part if compared against the rest of Adam's body. Why do you think God made it that way? A woman is the carrier of life; they were designed for that one purpose. A woman's body is not made built like a man's, which restricts a woman from doing a man's job. Perhaps woman are bored doing nothing at home, not being able to obtain and education, or money to support them self. My point is not to go against any of this issues, my purpose is to restrict the obsessions in believing that woman deserve more at this current century. We, the women have asked for more than we can ever afford. If a woman was a president and she was pregnant does that make her exempted from her duties? Won't that affect the country if she has to juggle parenting and ruling a country? A man doesn't go through that phase, that's why males are the leaders of the world, that's the secret behind that. I'm begging every single woman of the world right now, to get an education, get a start in your career but don't let it affect anything especially your children, return the natural feminine ways that woman are created to be and don't be greedy for more than you already have because if the Woman's Liberation Movements really did care about the woman of the world less women would be raped every year, less women would suffer financial problems, less women would be illiterate and less women would die due to just being a woman. I'm now pleading to everyone to take a stand, don't follow the temptations, and follow the true path because that path would lead you to the greatest success you can ever achieve. Thank you.

First Day at College Essay

My first day at college is a memorable day in my life. I had been earnestly waiting for that day for a long time, because I heard many things about college education from my elder brother and neighbors who were college students. I started feeling that they had the advantage of moving about with an air of superiority. At last the long-sought day came and it was the 20th of July, 2002. A new pulsation began to urge me since morning to start for the place where the college stands. So, it was quite early when I reached the college. I was loitering hither and thither until I met a friend. He advised me to take down the routine which was displayed in the notice board. He showed me the notice board. I went there and took down the routine. It was the first thing that I did on my first day at college. I started to experience that the system in the college was different from what I was accustomed to in the school. With the ringing of the bell announcing the end of a period, the students change d class-rooms unlike in a school where rooms were fixed for different classes. The professors looked comparatively grave and composed and not grim and frightening like school teachers. The students behaved with chastening politeness. Even the menial staff appeared relatively refined and cultured in their dealings. I did not know before that roll-call was done in each period. All that, in fact, gave me a new kind of experience. On that day I had three classes, scheduled for the third, fifth and sixth periods. In the third period I had English. The Professor came, called over the rolls; told us a few words of welcome and then focused on the importance of learning English. In the fifth period we had the professor of Math. I enjoyed the class very much, while in the sixth period, the professor of Logic and Philosophy gave us an introductory talk on Deductive logic. All teachers were past masters in their respective subjects and I felt proud to have become a student of such erudite scholars. I had a big gap in the fourth period followed by recess. I was moving about in the college compound while a new class-fellow took me to the college canteen. He entertained me with a tea and snacks and we felt like being great friends. From there we went to students’ Common Room where I skipped over the newspaper head-lines and he played a game of ping pong with other students. A big gathering near the Botanical Garden drew my attention and I felt curious to see what happened there. I took leave of my new friend and made for that place. Having gone near, I noticed that a student, ostensibly a leader, was addressing the crowd. I did not like the harangue and went to the nearby building. I found that it was the library building. I entered into the spacious reading room wherein many students were engrossed in study. I felt highly tempted to sit with them but I had no library card. So, I had to check my temptation. I came out the intention to procure a library card as soon as possible. Meanwhile, the bell for the fifth period rang and I moved into the college hall for the class in Math. After my class-hours I straight came back home with a strange thrill of pride and pleasure. In fact, I started feeling that I was on the threshold of shaping up.

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 22

Summary - Essay Example Because of this strong bond to tradition, Japanese whalers argue that ending whaling practices would be an insult to cultural beliefs thus despite any external protest, whaling continues. Interestingly, however, there is no market for whale meat in Japan, thus when the whales are slaughtered there is a significant volume of waste, which essentially makes whaling appear to other cultures (outside of Japan) to be an absolute misuse of natural resources. Despite external protest, Japanese hunters are using the argument that small volumes of fish in the local waters can be blamed on the eating habits of whales, thus they are a costly pest to Japanese fishermen and must be eliminated. It would appear that the Japanese will concoct virtually any rationale for continuing the slaughter, largely just to fit social perceptions about heritage and traditional ocean activities. Additionally, if Australian officials are concerned that Japanese whaling activities are undercutting the commercial opportunities for Australia, the question as to whether heritage can be utilised as a valid argument is created. Should an entire culture be able to justify eroding the economic stability of a neighboring nation simply to satisfy rigid social perceptions about honoring cultural tradition? Whales are very much a natural resource, however due to the gestation rate, it takes many years to repopulate the species variety as whales only have one offspring at a time. Thus, when countless hundreds of whales are slaughtered, it is likely another hundred years before whale populations return to their previous levels. Hence, it is no wonder why external nations have chastised Japan for upholding their stern commitment to whaling as a cultural phenomenon. The evidence would seem to suggest that whaling practices in Japan should be more closely regulated. Whaling as an

Academic and Design Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Academic and Design Communication - Essay Example   Designer- Client Relationship: In order to get the desired objective the designer and client need to work together and focus on a specific goal for the design and finished product. The business theme claiming that the â€Å"customer is always right† is applicable in this industry as well, and if the relationship between the client and designer is inappropriate it can cause many issues like delay of the entire project, high cost, and mental frustration for the entire design team, as well as for the client. There are many clients who usually do not appreciate the hard work conducted by an architect to meet the client’s desires and wants. Moreover, the client also expects from the architect that he will be the one handling the costs, time and also manage the quality issues, whereas the architect does not sell products but they sell services and expertise which is very rare. (Crawford, 2009) The communication and bond are uniquely formed in between the two parties. If m iss-communicated, this can cause the lack of ability to deliver what the client basically needs. If the details are wrongly misunderstood by the designers, then the result will be a disaster, freaking out both the parties. One of the entity needs to be very much proactive in order to have a better discernment of the agreed upon goals. The relation between the architect and the client is like any other relation; it requires a great deal of understanding as well as requires trust. Moreover the architect since is the expert in the field, therefore he should be competent enough to grasp the idea that is hidden in clients mind, and for this purpose the architect must play a proactive role so that he can develop a strong bondage in between, which will eventually deliver desired results (Crawford, 2009). Improvement of relationship: The first and the foremost rule for any business belonging to any industry is to have open and honest communication with suppliers, vendors or the clients, by this the client is able to trust the designer. With effective communication, the probability of errors is reduced; hence the misunderstanding between the client and designer is also minimized. (Misra, 2002) The second most important element in any relationship is the trust, the architect needs to gain the trust of clients so that they can rely on the architect’s design and judgment, and by this the designer will be able to design freely and also make a more attractive product for the client. Other more important factors in this relationship are time schedules and commitment.  Ã‚  

Iran during the rule of Ayatollah Khomeini Essay

Iran during the rule of Ayatollah Khomeini - Essay Example [Iranchamber.com] He was a lecturer at Najaf and Qum seminaries for decades before he was known in the political scene. .[Wikipedia.org] As a scholar and teacher, Khomeini produced numerous writings on Islamic philosophy, law, and ethics. Although Khomeini was not politically active, but his teachings and writings suggested that he was firm believer on the importance of clerics in political movement. He was the first Iranian cleric to try to refute the outspoken advocacy of secularism in the 1940s. However at the age of 60, the leadership arena opened for Khomeini following the deaths of two important clerical leaders during 1960's. On 22 January 1963, Khomeini summoned a meeting of the senior parliamentarians of Qom and pursuaded them to decree a boycott on the referendum initiated by the Reza Shah Pahlavi which were regarded as dangerous. Khomeini accused Shah of his submission to America and Israel by violating the constitution by the way of issuing manifesto that represented the signatures of other senior Iranian Shia religious scholars. Khomeini denunicated Shah at several occasions for which he was arrested on 5th June, 1963 which sparked off riots throughout Iran and lead to deaths of several citizens, which is referred to as 'Movement of 15 Khordad'. Once again after the release from house arrest in 1964, Khomeini denounced both Shah and United States for the capitulations granted by the Shah to United States armed military to be treid in their own Military Courts, which lead to his arrest in November 1964 and held for half a year. Four Members of Fedeyan Islam were executed for the murder of Hassan-Ali Mansur, who slapped Khomeini, when he refused to apologize and drop the opposition from the government, for which Khomeini was sent into exile to Turkey.[ www.time.com] B. Khomeini - Supreme Leader of Iran. Khomeini spent 14 years in exile, not limited to one specific nation. But mostly he lived in Nazaf of Iraq which was under Saddam Hussein's power, then Turkey and France. [news.bbc.co.uk] After the 1977 death of Dr. Ali Shariati, an Islamic reformist and political revolutionary author/academic/philosopher who greatly popularized the Islamic revival among young educated Iranians, Khomeini became the most influential leader of the opposition to the Shah perceived by many Iranians as the spiritual, if not political, leader of revolt.[Wikipedia.org] Protest grew against the rule of Shah which gave more influence to Khomeini. Although thousands of kilometers away from Iran in Paris, Khomeini set the course of the revolution, urging Iranians not to compromise and ordering work stoppages against the regime. This resulted into revolution among the supporters of Khomeini against the Shah. Khomeini returned to Iran on the condition that Shah left the country, which he did. Khomeini's return t o Iran was welcomed by joyous crowd, which led to creation of the government elected by him. [news.bbc.co.uk] He appointed the interim Prime Minister, demanding since he has appointed him, he must be obeyed and respected. According to him, it was God's government and disobeying the government was a revolt against God. Soldiers loyal to the Bakthiar Government defected Khomeini's movement. [Ayatollah Khomeini] Khomeini declared Jihad on soldiers who did not surrendered after gaining power, which led to

Stigma of mental illness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stigma of mental illness - Essay Example People who suffer from a mental illness not only â€Å"struggle with the symptoms and disabilities that result from the disease† but they also â€Å"are challenged by the stereotypes and prejudice that result from the misconceptions about mental illness, and as a result of both, people with mental illness are robbed of the opportunities that define a quality life: good jobs, safe housing, satisfactory health care, and affiliation with a diverse group of people† (Understanding the Impact of Stigma on People With Mental Illness, P.Corrigan and A.Watson, 16) Mental illness is perceived by society as an indulgence or a sign of weakness. Surely the affected person has brought it upon himself to live this way. It leads the sufferer to feel shame, to feel isolated and be socially excluded, to be discriminated against and be faced with stereotypes that are difficult to overcome. Even self-stigmatization can result which includes low self esteem, so the affected person not only feels stigma from society, but from themselves as well. (Stigma of Mental Illness and ways of Diminishing It, P. ... So why, as a society do we not attempt to educate ourselves about mental illness and why do we allow the stigma to continue? As a society, our beliefs are largely affected by the media; everything we think, believe, or discriminate against can be drawn from the media and its messages. Media is such a powerful tool and if used properly, can be a wonderful resource, but so often, the messages we receive are flawed. The Canadian Mental Health Association has compiled the results of many reports into its paper Mass Media and Mental Illness: A Literature Review (Dara Roth Edney, 2004). They found that the media repeatedly portrays people with a mental illness as being incapable of both developing opinions and speaking on their own behalf, as being unstable, unpredictable, disheveled, helpless, and appearing lost and confused, to lack comprehension and as being unproductive failures. The media also makes it appear that violent crimes committed by people with a mental illness are common and that the general public has reason to fear them. Imagine if it was you or a loved one battling a mental illness and having popular culture discriminate against you in this way. How would you feel and how would you want the messages that media sends us to change? While the majority of our media messages are negative in nature, there have been small steps taken to try to change the views of society. The television program Monk and the movie As Good As It Gets are both examples of stories that revolved around characters with a mental illness. Unfortunately these are just two examples in a medium that produces thousands of products each year. For society to fully accept the mentally ill as people and not as people with a problem, the media needs to step up

The Prime Minister of Russian Federation Vladimir Putin is great Essay

The Prime Minister of Russian Federation Vladimir Putin is great public speaker. Russia needs him - Essay Example His speeches are interesting, focused, and witty he makes use of a number of metaphors in them. His unique body posture, tone modulations, assertiveness, conviction, openness, boldness and diplomatic strategies make him one of my favorite public speakers. The five elements involved in effective public speaking are, â€Å"who is saying what to whom using what medium with what effects?† (The Definition of Public Speaking). Analyzing Putin’s speeches one can identify that they combine these elements to a large extend. For Jaffe, â€Å"public speaking occurs when one person prepares and delivers a speech for a group that listens, generally without interrupting the speaker’s flow of ideas†( Jaffe, 2009, p. 1). In the case of Vladimir Putin his words are highly valued not only by the Russians but also by the international community and as such he can be regarded as an effective public speaker. Vladimir Putin’s historical speech at the Security Conference in Munich, on February 10, 2007 has captured worldwide attention. Addressing the large number of defense ministers, parliamentarians and other representatives Putin strongly criticized the United States in trying to create a "uni-polar" world. In his short but powerful speech he severely condemns the United States that has â€Å"overstepped its borders in all spheres - economic, political and humanitarian, and has imposed itself on other states† and he warns world nations that the United States’ policy would only result in disasters (Watson, 2007). Vladimir Putin’s speeches demonstrate immense optimism and he firmly believes in the potential power of the nation’s political system. While may criticize that there is no modernization in the nation, the nation was stagnating and that corruption goes unchecked in the nation, Putin has defended himself effectively by citing the concrete deeds undertaken by the government. He

Contemporary Diversity Issues Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Contemporary Diversity Issues Paper - Essay Example Increasing numbers of people belong to both a dominant culture and also an ethnic minority that has often been seen as submissive or lower down the hierarchy of power than the other position holds. For example, an African-American MD or Professor holds a high-status position within society because of their education, job and socio-economic status, but still belong to a race that is generally discriminated against. This type of duality may lead to a paradoxical sense of contradiction within the individuals involved. They "belong" to both cultures, but feel absolutely comfortable in none. An example of this is illustrated by John Edgar Wideman in Brothers and Keepers (Wideman, 1984). The book tells of Wideman, a Professor and award-winning writer and his relationship with his older brother who is in prison for murder. Wideman explores whether his brother is more "black" then he himself is, questioning whether worldly success removes an African-American from the culture that he was born into. Issues related to gender, race, and economic class are also an element of questions of diversity. The at times uneasy relationship between those who seek equality of races and those who seek equality between the genders has caused conflict within both movement. For example, while the Civil Rights movement of the 1950's/1960's, whether the peaceful one organized by Martin Luther King or the more militant one as represented by Malcolm X sought equality for African-Americans, such equality often did not extend to the women involved in the movement. Thus women were often relegated to subservient roles such as making meals and tea for the men who were doing the "real" work of the movement (Crawford, 1993). There is an apparent contradiction and even hypocrisy within the role given to women by men who preached the virtues of egalitarian societies and equality between the races. The striving toward or resistance of acculturation is another dynamic that often pulls apart ideas of diversity. As seen with Wideman, the ability of various individuals within traditionally under-represented racial minorities to succeed within a predominantly white society may be seen as acculturation. But such individuals are often rejected by the cultures from which they sprang, while never entirely accepted by the culture that they now, at least nominally, live within. Often those in the culture who have been left behind accuse the one who has "risen" socio-economically of "acting white" (McNamara, 2006) and perhaps even being a traitor to their race. Such resistance to acculturation is problematic. It seems to suggest that to "be black" within this society is in fact to remain at the bottom of the socio-economic hierarchy. There is an element of despair and self-hatred redolent within such attitudes, but they are very prevalent within a number of minority communities. In contrast, some other racial cultures, such as Asian cultures, tend to embrace at least certain forms of acculturation. Thus the value placed on education by many Asian-Americans enables the children of first generation immigrants to rise out of the often poor circumstances into which they were born. This form of acculturation is not only accepted, but is actively encouraged. However, other forms of acculturation such as marrying outside the race tend to be much more frowned upon. Thus different patters of